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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <meta name="generator" content="Docutils 0.10: http://docutils.sourceforge.net/" /> <title>html5lib Parser</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" type="text/css" /> </head> <body> <div class="document" id="html5lib-parser"> <div class="sidemenu"><ul id="lxml-section"><li><span class="section title">lxml</span><ul class="menu foreign" id="index-menu"><li class="menu title"><a href="index.html">lxml</a><ul class="submenu"><li class="menu item"><a href="index.html#introduction">Introduction</a></li><li class="menu item"><a href="index.html#support-the-project">Support the project</a></li><li class="menu item"><a href="index.html#documentation">Documentation</a></li><li class="menu item"><a 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class="title">html5lib Parser</h1> <p><a class="reference external" href="http://code.google.com/p/html5lib/">html5lib</a> is a Python package that implements the HTML5 parsing algorithm which is heavily influenced by current browsers and based on the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/">WHATWG HTML5 specification</a>.</p> <p>lxml can benefit from the parsing capabilities of <cite>html5lib</cite> through the <tt class="docutils literal">lxml.html.html5parser</tt> module. It provides a similar interface to the <tt class="docutils literal">lxml.html</tt> module by providing <tt class="docutils literal">fromstring()</tt>, <tt class="docutils literal">parse()</tt>, <tt class="docutils literal">document_fromstring()</tt>, <tt class="docutils literal">fragment_fromstring()</tt> and <tt class="docutils literal">fragments_fromstring()</tt> that work like the regular html parsing functions.</p> <div class="section" id="differences-to-regular-html-parsing"> <h1>Differences to regular HTML parsing</h1> <p>There are a few differences in the returned tree to the regular HTML parsing functions from <tt class="docutils literal">lxml.html</tt>. html5lib normalizes some elements and element structures to a common format. For example even if a tables does not have a <cite>tbody</cite> html5lib will inject one automatically:</p> <div class="syntax"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">lxml.html</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">tostring</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">html5parser</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">tostring</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">html5parser</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">fromstring</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"<table><td>foo"</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="go">'<table><tbody><tr><td>foo</td></tr></tbody></table>'</span> </pre></div> <p>Also the parameters the functions accept are different.</p> </div> <div class="section" id="function-reference"> <h1>Function Reference</h1> <dl class="docutils"> <dt><tt class="docutils literal">parse(filename_url_or_file)</tt>:</dt> <dd>Parses the named file or url, or if the object has a <tt class="docutils literal">.read()</tt> method, parses from that.</dd> <dt><tt class="docutils literal">document_fromstring(html, guess_charset=True)</tt>:</dt> <dd><p class="first">Parses a document from the given string. This always creates a correct HTML document, which means the parent node is <tt class="docutils literal"><html></tt>, and there is a body and possibly a head.</p> <p class="last">If a bytestring is passed and <tt class="docutils literal">guess_charset</tt> is true the chardet library (if installed) will guess the charset if ambiguities exist.</p> </dd> <dt><tt class="docutils literal">fragment_fromstring(string, create_parent=False, guess_charset=False)</tt>:</dt> <dd><p class="first">Returns an HTML fragment from a string. The fragment must contain just a single element, unless <tt class="docutils literal">create_parent</tt> is given; e.g,. <tt class="docutils literal">fragment_fromstring(string, <span class="pre">create_parent='div')</span></tt> will wrap the element in a <tt class="docutils literal"><div></tt>. If <tt class="docutils literal">create_parent</tt> is true the default parent tag (div) is used.</p> <p class="last">If a bytestring is passed and <tt class="docutils literal">guess_charset</tt> is true the chardet library (if installed) will guess the charset if ambiguities exist.</p> </dd> <dt><tt class="docutils literal">fragments_fromstring(string, no_leading_text=False, parser=None)</tt>:</dt> <dd><p class="first">Returns a list of the elements found in the fragment. The first item in the list may be a string. If <tt class="docutils literal">no_leading_text</tt> is true, then it will be an error if there is leading text, and it will always be a list of only elements.</p> <p class="last">If a bytestring is passed and <tt class="docutils literal">guess_charset</tt> is true the chardet library (if installed) will guess the charset if ambiguities exist.</p> </dd> <dt><tt class="docutils literal">fromstring(string)</tt>:</dt> <dd>Returns <tt class="docutils literal">document_fromstring</tt> or <tt class="docutils literal">fragment_fromstring</tt>, based on whether the string looks like a full document, or just a fragment.</dd> </dl> <p>Additionally all parsing functions accept an <tt class="docutils literal">parser</tt> keyword argument that can be set to a custom parser instance. To create custom parsers you can subclass the <tt class="docutils literal">HTMLParser</tt> and <tt class="docutils literal">XHTMLParser</tt> from the same module. Note that these are the parser classes provided by html5lib.</p> </div> </div> <div class="footer"> <hr class="footer" /> Generated on: 2013-11-07. </div> </body> </html>
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